Interesting, and concerning, because my son had issues with EBV for a few years after an acute infection. What I missed from reading the article was which antibody class they tested for. IgM levels can indicate active, persistent infection, whereas IgG levels indicate prior exposure, but not necessarily persistent infection. Persistence and latency differ, as does the immune response to either. The authors described detection of antibodies to EBV specific peptides, but I am not certain that this indicates some degree of persistence, because they did not report the latency of these antibodies or the sensitivity of the assay. With highly ubiquitous viruses, like EBV, showing cause and effect is always challenging. Still many questions, but these results are important.